The $1.5 million roundabout in Zalaegerszeg, Hungary, is a stark symbol of the 'Orbánist economy' and the complex relationship between the Hungarian government and the European Union. This seemingly useless infrastructure project, funded by EU money, highlights the criticism that Prime Minister Viktor Orbán's government has been accused of accepting vast amounts of EU funds while simultaneously demonizing the EU as a corrupting force. This article delves into the roundabout's story, exploring its implications and the broader context of Hungary's relationship with the EU, offering a critical perspective on the country's economic and political landscape.
A Roundabout with a Purpose?
At first glance, the roundabout near Zalaegerszeg seems like a curious investment. Built with EU funds, it was intended to serve a container terminal on a new railway line, providing better access to the sea for landlocked central Europe. However, years after its construction, the railway remains unfinished, leaving the roundabout unused in a field. This situation raises questions about the effectiveness of EU-funded projects in Hungary and the government's commitment to their realization.
The 'Orbánist Economy': A System of Incentives and Demonization
Critics argue that the Orbán government has developed a system where it accepts EU funds while simultaneously portraying the EU as a decadent and corrupting force. This strategy, as described by Krisztián Orbán, an economist, allowed the government to improve the livelihoods of its citizens while avoiding scrutiny for corruption and disregard for public services. The 'Orbánist economy' is characterized by this dual approach, where EU funds are used to build projects like the roundabout, but the government also points to external forces as the cause of Hungary's economic struggles.
The Roundabout as a 'White Elephant'
The roundabout near Zalaegerszeg is a prime example of a 'white elephant' - a project that is expensive to build and maintain but provides little value. István János Tóth, director of the Corruption Research Center Budapest, highlights this aspect, stating that without EU funds, Orbán couldn't have established such a system. This project, along with others like the 'forest canopy walkways' and the 'lookout tower', raises questions about the efficiency and effectiveness of EU-funded initiatives in Hungary.
EU Funds and Democratic Backsliding
The issue of EU funds is a significant campaign topic ahead of Hungary's parliamentary election. Since 2022, the European Commission has withheld funds due to concerns about Hungary's democratic backsliding and judicial independence. Around €18 billion of funds remain blocked, representing around 10% of the country's GDP. This situation has led to accusations from Orbán and his allies that the EU is interfering in Hungary's election. However, the Commission maintains that EU members must uphold the rule of law to receive funds.
The Future of Hungary's Relationship with the EU
The upcoming election and the potential change in government could significantly impact Hungary's relationship with the EU. Péter Magyar, the leader of the opposition Tisza party, has pledged to free up EU payouts by addressing concerns about Hungary's democratic backsliding. However, meeting the EU's demands and unlocking funding before an August 31 deadline will be a challenge. Despite this, Hungary will still require financial help from Brussels, including for projects in Zalaegerszeg.
A Roundabout's Legacy
The story of the roundabout near Zalaegerszeg is a microcosm of Hungary's complex relationship with the EU. It highlights the tension between accepting EU funds and demonizing the EU, as well as the challenges of implementing such projects. As the country moves forward, the legacy of this roundabout and the 'Orbánist economy' will continue to shape Hungary's economic and political landscape, leaving a lasting impact on its relationship with the European Union.
